BOARD AGENDA MEMORANDUM
SUBJECT:
Title
Receive the Winter Preparedness Briefing.
End
RECOMMENDATION:
Recommendation
Receive information on the Santa Clara Valley Water District’s preparedness for winter operations.
Body
SUMMARY:
As the agency authorized to provide local flood protection, Santa Clara Valley Water District (Valley Water) works diligently to protect Santa Clara Valley residents and businesses from the devastating effects of flooding. This report provides information regarding various measures Valley Water has taken to prepare for the Winter season. Specifically, it includes information on the following:
• Weather Forecast
• Board Natural Flood Protection Ends Policies
• Flood Awareness Campaign and Community Outreach
• Emergency Action Planning
• Monitoring and Flood Forecasting
• Reservoir Management
• Real-time Information, Alerts and Warnings
• Valley Water, Countywide and Regional Emergency Management Systems
• Valley Water Field Response Actions and Capabilities
• Storm Ready Certification
Background
Winter Hazards
Winter brings an additional set of seasonal hazards that threaten both watersheds and water utility operations. Severe and/or extended precipitation can overwhelm engineered and natural channels and has the potential to damage Valley Water flood protection infrastructure. The resulting flooding can prompt municipalities to initiate evacuations and sheltering and disrupt transportation. Severe storms can also bring high winds and cause land movement that have the potential to impact power, communication, and water utility infrastructure.
Weather Forecast
National Weather Service (NWS) seasonal weather models <https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/lhfzC732rRHmV3Q9i8Wh_S?domain=iri.columbia.edu> predict a 75% chance of La Niña during the Northern Hemisphere winter (December-February) 2022-23, with a 54% chance for El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) neutral in February-April 2023. Current expectations are below normal precipitation during the core of winter for Santa Clara County.
NWS meteorologists will also be watching how the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) fluctuate through the winter season. These, and other, seasonal and intra-seasonal oscillations could bring swings in precipitation amounts, fluctuating snow levels, and/or atmospheric rivers. Medium range forecast capabilities will help to distinguish these events with as much lead time as 10-14 days, though the details may not be worked out until within a few days of any given event. Keep in mind that a season with below normal rainfall can still produce flooding, especially if much of the rainfall occurs over a short period of time.
Near-term weather forecasts enable Valley Water to anticipate the location and intensity of rainfall to better mobilize response efforts. Valley Water receives weather forecasts from multiple sources, including meteorology consultants and the NWS. Using this data, Valley Water staff makes decisions for flood fighting and for reservoir operations.
Board Natural Flood Protection Ends Policies
Valley Water’s Board of Directors has established Natural Flood Protection (NFP) Goals 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3 to provide flood protection for residents, businesses, and visitors; and to reduce the potential for flood damages. These goals establish the following nine natural flood protection objectives:
1. Prioritize maintenance of existing facilities over construction of new capital projects (Objective 3.1.1)
2. Inspect and maintain facilities on a regular basis (Objective 3.1.2)
3. Perform maintenance using maintenance guidelines updated on a regular basis (Objective 3.1.3)
4. Develop, maintain, and communicate emergency action plans (Objective 3.2.1)
5. Develop, maintain, and communicate flood information to the community (Objective 3.2.2)
6. Provide expertise in flood forecasting and flood warning systems to municipalities (Objective 3.2.3)
7. Provide expertise to encourage public agencies to reduce flood risk and protect floodplain benefits (Objective 3.2.4)
8. Provide equitable, timely, and achievable flood protection for health and safety (Objective 3.3.1)
9. Protect people and property from flooding by applying a comprehensive, integrated watershed management approach that balances environmental quality, sustainability, and cost (Objective 3.3.2)
This memorandum describes how Valley Water staff is working to achieve each of these objectives.
1. Protect Parcels from Flooding (3.3.1 and 3.3.2)
Valley Water’s Watersheds Design and Construction Division plans, manages, and implements capital improvements to comply with the Board’s Ends Policy to protect parcels from flooding. A total of 16 flood protection projects are underway in Fiscal Year 2022-2023 with a total FY23 budget of $98.8 million--this amount is the “Flood Protection” total, comprised of the Watershed Stream Stewardship Fund and the Safe, Clean Water and Natural Flood Protection Fund. Nine of these projects are Safe, Clean Water projects and seven are funded by property taxes. All have the primary objective of providing natural flood protection for residents, businesses, and visitors. Over the past fifty years, Valley Water programs and projects have resulted in protecting approximately 60% of the 166,526 parcels identified in the flood plain.
2. Preserve Flood Conveyance Capacity (3.1.1, 3.1.2 and 3.1.3)
Valley Water’s Watersheds Operations and Maintenance Division (Watersheds O&M) performs sediment removal, levee inspection and maintenance, debris removal, vegetation management, and erosion protection and repairs to comply with the Board’s Ends Policy to preserve flood conveyance capacity. Watersheds O&M work that has been accomplished in 2022 through Valley Water’s Stream Maintenance Program includes the following:
• Removal of approximately 6,879 cubic yards of sediment (estimated)
• Stabilization of approximately 4,274 linear feet of river bank (estimated)
• Completion of 1,074* acres of in-stream vegetation control over 144* miles of streams
*Work continues. Quantities estimated through 11/01/22.
Valley Water staff continues to receive calls from throughout the county to service problematic trees plagued by disease or die off associated with the drought. Field crews continue to selectively reposition or remove fallen trees that could potentially block flows in local creeks or cause other hazards. Staff is also coordinating with owners of properties where trees have been reported as a potential issue and could pose additional blockage threats in local creeks.
3. Promote the preservation of flood plain functions (3.3.2)
Valley Water preserves floodplain functionality and other watershed assets and interests from external land-use activities by reviewing and commenting on development proposals for consistency with the Guidelines and Standards for Land Use Near Streams, implementation and enforcement of Valley Water’s Water Resources Protection Ordinance, and by participating in the review of municipal General Plan updates.
Valley Water’s Community Projects Review Unit issues encroachment permits that regulate the third-party use or modification of Valley Water lands along local waterways and provides ordinance enforcement consistent with the Board adopted encroachment remediation program and Board governance policies. Additionally, Valley Water reviews and comments on environmental documents and plans for projects outside Valley Water right-of-way to promote Valley Water’s water resource interests. Through these processes, Valley Water advocates for development setbacks and site layouts that strive to maximize protection of stream and riparian corridors and floodplain function.
4. Reduce flood risks through public engagement (3.2.4)
The National Flood Insurance Program's (NFIP) Community Rating System (CRS) is a voluntary incentive program that recognizes and encourages community floodplain management activities that exceed the minimum NFIP requirements. As a result, flood insurance premium rates are discounted to reflect the reduced flood risk resulting from the community efforts meeting the three CRS goals:
• reduce flood damage to insurable property;
• strengthen and support the insurance aspects of the NFIP; and
• foster comprehensive floodplain management.
Valley Water is not a participant in the NFIP, as it is not a land-use agency; however, Valley Water does participate in the CRS program as a fictitious community. This arrangement allows Santa Clara County CRS participating communities to receive points for creditable activities that Valley Water performs. This baseline provides a foundation of credit which CRS communities can build upon.
Valley Water receives CRS points for our map information services, outreach, hazard disclosure, open space preservation, higher regulatory standards, flood data maintenance, stormwater management regulations, acquisition and relocation, drainage system maintenance, and dam safety.
CRS activities are verified by the Insurance Services Office, Inc. (ISO), the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) CRS management contractor. ISO determines where Valley Water’s credits are transferrable to participating CRS communities. This increases a CRS community’s rating, which can then result in improved flood insurance discounts. As a result, flood insurance policy holders in CRS participating communities receive 10% to 20% discounts on their insurance premiums.
The Santa Clara County CRS Users Group, consisting of Valley Water and participating CRS communities, was formed in 2013. The Users Group has proven to be very useful for discussion of activities that earn CRS points, allows for dialogue of ongoing flood risk reduction efforts and related topics among all cities in the county, and serves as an information sharing platform.
Flood Awareness Campaign and Community Outreach
This winter, Valley Water will deliver multilingual flood preparedness messages throughout Santa Clara County, focusing on flood-prone areas. Due to the current drought, this year’s messages are being conveyed via targeted mailings to homes in the FEMA Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). The campaign will be supported by multilingual radio, digital and social media ads.
The campaign features the slogan “Floods Can Follow Drought,” and includes the nine CRS Flood Preparedness messages, and messaging on the impact of Climate Change on extreme weather and potential flooding.
The call to action is for residents and business owners to visit www.valleywater.org/floodready <http://www.valleywater.org/floodready> to locate their address in the FEMA SFHA, obtain information on creating a family emergency plan and kit, download alert apps, get flood insurance information, and identify sandbag locations.
FLOOD MAILER
In early December, we will distribute our multilingual floodplain mailer to nearly 50,000 homes and businesses in or near flood-prone areas. The piece features nine tips for flood preparedness, a floodplain manager phone directory by city, as well as a magnet with websites for the FEMA SFHA map, National Flood Insurance Program, and Valley Water’s flood ready site. The mailer is written in English, Spanish, Vietnamese, and Chinese. This year, the mailer also includes a timeline of floods and droughts during this century and information on the progress of our flood protection projects.
FLOOD AWARENESS MEDIA/DIGITAL CAMPAIGN
Our annual flood awareness advertising campaign launched in November 2022 and continues through the end of February 2023, or longer if the winter is particularly wet. The campaign features multilingual social media postings, digital banners, radio, and mobile ads targeted by area and language.
COMMUNITY EVENT OUTREACH
Starting in September, the CRS Program and Office of Government Relations resumed in-person outreach to share the “Get Flood Ready!” messaging at local community events.
As part of the 2021 Santa Clara County Multi-Jurisdictional Program for Public Information (2021 PPI), this year Valley Water’s CRS Program distributed the pilot Flood Event Kits (Kits) to all Santa Clara County communities. The Kits contain customized and branded (both Valley Water and agency’s logos) “Get Flood Ready!” banners and tablecloths, flood emergency starter kits, flood preparedness materials, and giveaway items. The Kits will standardize local flood-preparedness outreach throughout the county and expands Valley Water’s “Get Flood Ready!” campaign.
In addition to the Kits, CRS will increase and broaden our flood-preparedness outreach to underserved communities by partnering with other community organizations to distribute multi-lingual flood-preparedness materials and flood emergency starter kits.
CIVIC ENGAGEMENT AND EDUCATION OUTREACH
Education Outreach will include flood awareness and preparedness messaging during winter season virtual and in-person visits to schools, libraries, and youth-serving organizations throughout the county. Materials available for educators include the “I Am Ready” and “Estoy Listo” Flood Preparedness Activity Books, created by the US Army Corps of Engineers, and flood-preparedness activity sheets for students.
EMERGENCY ALERT APP
Through our outreach, we are also promoting Santa Clara County’s AlertSCC emergency notification system. AlertSCC is a free, easy, and confidential way for anyone who lives or works in Santa Clara County to get emergency warnings sent directly to their cell phone, mobile device, e-mail, or landline. It is one of the most effective ways for local jurisdictions to communicate flood hazards and evacuation orders, but it requires residents to opt into the system.
FLOOD EMERGENCY STARTER KIT DISTRIBUTION
This year, Valley Water acquired 6,000 flood emergency starter kits (Starter Kits). These Starter Kits will be distributed by all Santa Clara County communities and Valley Water’s CRS and other public-facing programs.
The Starter Kits include essential supplies, such as a hand squeeze flashlight, rain poncho, safety whistle, N95 mask, and gloves. These popular Starter Kits encourage the community to “Get Flood Ready!” by developing an emergency plan and putting together a more comprehensive three-day emergency kit.
VALLEY WATER WEBSITE, NEWSLETTER, AND SOCIAL MEDIA CHANNELS
Valley Water’s website serves as a one-stop-shop for flood-related information, including how to register for emergency updates, flood safety tips and information on sandbag sites, and stream and reservoir gauges in the county. The website also prominently displays Valley Water‘s Flood Watch Tool. Online publications through our news website, valleywaternews.org, will continue to be utilized to provide registered recipients with timely and immediate flood-hazard messages, and social media messages will be posted frequently through the rain season.
5. Prepare and Respond Effectively to Flood Emergencies (3.2.1, 3.2.2 and 3.2.3)
Despite all the proactive efforts to remove parcels from flood hazard zones, maintain channel conveyance capacities and floodplain function, and engage the public with flood awareness and safety messages, floods still can and do occur.
Flood emergency preparedness entails the combined efforts of many units at Valley Water, notably Office of Emergency Services, Security Office, Field Operations, Water Supply Operations and Planning, Hydrology Hydraulics and Geomorphology, Communications, Government Relations, and the Clerk of the Board, among others. Valley Water staff perform field emergency response and recovery activities, while others fulfill positions in the Departmental Operation Centers (DOCs) and Emergency Operations Center (EOC). Other staff are key components to the preparedness planning for flood emergencies.
To ensure the best possible state of readiness to address flooding when it does occur, Valley Water maintains tools, processes, trained staff, and interagency relationships that enable coordinated field response and public information.
Emergency Action Planning
Emergency Action Plans (EAPs) are documents that identify potential emergency conditions at facilities, such as creeks or dams, and specifies actions to minimize loss of life and property damage. These documents include:
• Actions, in coordination with emergency management authorities, to respond to incidents or emergencies
• Warning and notification messages for responsible downstream emergency management authorities
• Inundation maps to help emergency management authorities identify critical infrastructure and population-at-risk sites
• Roles and responsibilities between responding agencies
The EAPs for dams are created following the Federal Emergency Management Agency guidelines for emergency action planning (FEMA Publication No. P-64). The Anderson Dam EAP also incorporates the guidance of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (Chapter 6 Emergency Action Plans of the Engineering Guidelines for the Evaluation of Hydropower Projects), due to Anderson’s small hydropower facility.
The EAPs for creeks have been developed in coordination with the affected jurisdictions where flooding may occur. The Joint EAP with the City of San Jose includes Coyote River, Guadalupe River, Ross Creeks, Canoas Creek, Lower Silver Creek and Lake Cunningham. EAPs for West Little Llagas Creek and Uvas Creek were developed in coordination with the cities of Gilroy and Morgan Hill. Valley Water also developed an EAP for San Francisquito Creek, which was done in coordination with the City of Palo Alto and the San Franciquito Creek Joint Powers Authority. A new EAP for West Valley Watersheds was completed in coordination with City of Santa Clara that includes a response procedure for San Thomas Aquino Creek. Lastly, the Lower Peninsula Watershed EAP was developed and includes the Palo Alto Flood Basin and the Permanente & Hale Creeks where input from the cities of Palo Alto, Mountain View and Los Altos was used in the development process.
Monitoring and Flood Forecasting
Valley Water evaluates forecasts of incoming weather systems based on weather reports received from multiple partners, including the National Weather Service (NWS), paid weather consultants, and partnerships with UC San Diego and Colorado State University. In addition to standard weather reports, detailed quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) are obtained from these sources to get a picture of a storm event. These QPFs include details such as the amount, duration, location, and timing of storm patterns.
For real-time monitoring, as the rain and flood events unfold, Valley Water operates more than 100 precipitation, reservoir level, and stream gauges. All of Valley Water’s stream and rain gauges are regularly maintained and calibrated. Valley Water also hosts an “X-band” radar unit on the rooftop of the Penitencia Water Treatment Plant. The unit is part of the Bay Area AQPI (Advanced Quantitative Precipitation Information) system. This short range and lower elevation radar supplements our existing rainfall gauge system, and more importantly, provides more precise radar data to the NWS for analysis and forecast products. During storm events, this X-band radar augments the existing radar operated by the NWS to provide Valley Water with a clearer picture of the storm system.
In addition, under Valley Water’s Safe, Clean Water Program Priority F7 Project (Previously C2), Emergency Response Upgrades Project, Valley Water is running an experimental flood forecast and warning system, using automated hydrologic and hydraulic models to determine creek runoff and expected reservoir levels. The models process data from both the QPFs and monitoring sensors mentioned earlier. Valley Water also partners with the California-Nevada River Forecast Center (CNRFC), who forecasts several creeks in our jurisdiction. Combined, both the Valley Water’s and CNRFC’s flood forecasting provides intelligence to decision makers, emergency responders, and the general public.
Reservoir Management
Valley Water operates 10 surface water reservoirs throughout the county. The reservoirs are operated as water supply facilities that capture and store water for groundwater recharge or in-lieu groundwater recharge activities. All of the reservoirs, except Vasona, are operated to rule curves that provide guidance on when to make releases from the reservoirs. When the storage in the reservoir exceeds the rule curve, the volume of water above the rule curve may be released.
Currently, all of the reservoirs, except Vasona, Uvas, and Calero have incidental flood risk reduction rule curves that maintain a balance between the reservoir’s primary purpose of water supply and the incidental benefit of flood risk reduction. Vasona is a small reservoir and does not have any rule curves. Uvas Reservoir does not have an incidental flood risk reduction rule curve because its natural resource permitting provides for pulse flow events. Calero Reservoir has a seismic restriction of approximately 45 percent (45%) of capacity from the Division of Safety of Dams and is not presently operated with an incidental flood risk reduction rule curve. The incidental flood risk reduction rule curves maximize the water supply benefit and can reduce the flood risk with a high probability of the water being recovered by the end of the season. There are additional rules for five reservoirs for not exceeding their seismic restrictions, which can also provide incidental flood risk reduction.
Anderson-Coyote Reservoir system operation: On February 20, 2020, The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) issued a directive to start drawing down Anderson Reservoir to water surface elevation 488 feet no later than October 1, 2020. The FERC order limits storage to a deadpool of a little less than 3,000 acre-feet, which constitutes about three percent (3%) of the reservoir’s full capacity. Valley Water complied with the FERC order, Anderson Reservoir reached deadpool in mid-December 2020, and reservoir releases continue to maintain deadpool storage. This restriction guarantees additional storage buffer in the reservoir, which in turn provides a much-reduced chance of spilling.
Lexington Reservoir operation: In February 2019, the Board directed staff to re-operate Lexington Reservoir with a temporary rule curve of approximately 73% of capacity to significantly reduce the flood risk to the community along Guadalupe River - Tasman Drive to Interstate 880. This temporary flood risk reduction rule curve can impact water supply, and a methodology was developed to comply with the District Act and State Law regarding the use of a facility funded by groundwater charges. Unless the Board directs otherwise, Valley Water will continue to operate Lexington Reservoir at the 73% rule curve during the 2022-2023 storm season and during subsequent years until the Guadalupe River - Tasman Drive to Interstate 880 Project is implemented.
Real-time Information, Alerts and Warnings
Valley Water provides precipitation and stream gauge data to the public via multiple websites, such as the flood watch website <https://alert.valleywater.org/> that utilizes a user-friendly interactive map to allow residents to monitor levels in their own neighborhoods. We coordinate regularly with the National Weather Service, as well as local jurisdictions during storm events to share information about potential floods.
Valley Water’s website provides access to reservoir levels, precipitation data, stream flow, and flood-safety measures. Valley Water also promotes the County’s emergency alert system AlertSCC <https://www.sccgov.org/sites/alertscc/Pages/home.aspx>.
Valley Water, Countywide and Regional Emergency Management Systems
Valley Water maintains facilities, technology, equipment, procedures, trained staff, and inter-agency relationships that enable it to respond to floods and other emergencies. Valley Water emergency management facilities include its district-wide Emergency Operations Center (EOC) and Water Utility/Watersheds Departmental Operations Centers (DOCs). Valley Water maintains a dedicated, primary EOC that is equipped with both high and low-tech communication information storage and display technologies to allow the EOC functions to perform under all hazard scenarios. Valley Water has also incorporated virtual hybrid EOC environments where remote and onsite staff may operate effectively during emergency activations. EOC equipment is regularly inventoried, maintained and tested to ensure readiness. Valley Water DOC facilities are equipped for emergencies that can be handled within departmental resources and capabilities. EOC position-specific checklists are available to help guide EOC staff in the performance of their Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) response functions.
Valley Water EOC staff have participated in multiple training as well as internal and multi-agency exercises. Training and exercises are designed and utilized to develop, learn, and test response capabilities under various hazard scenarios. The table below are some examples of past and future training/exercises for Valley Water EOC response staff. Also included in this table are the recent EOC Activations, which act as valuable trainings during real-life events that identify best practices and opportunities for improvement:
|
December 2022 |
Anderson Dam DENS and All Dam EAPs Drill |
|
November 2022 |
Guadalupe Temporary Flood Barrier Training |
|
October 2022 |
Winter Preparedness Workshop |
|
October 2022 |
Valley Water Damage Assessment Drill |
|
March 2022 |
Guadalupe Temporary Flood Barrier Table-Top Exercise (Joint EAP with City of San Jose) |
|
June 2021 |
EOC Activation for Drought (EOC still activated) |
|
March 2020 |
EOC Activation for COVID-19 Pandemic (EOC still activated) |
|
Multiple Sessions |
Communications Equipment Training |
The training opportunities allow for staff to become more familiar with their roles and build comfort in the tools and processes they will be expected to utilize during emergencies. This has proved true during emergencies such as the COVID-19 Pandemic, wildfires, earthquake, extended power outages and PG&E PSPS events, as well as the drought. The real-life experiences as well as the exercise opportunities enabled staff to practice and identify areas of improvement for the operational coordination, operational communication, situational awareness, public information and warning, and infrastructure system core capabilities as defined by the National Response Framework.
Each Fall, Valley Water’s Office of Emergency Services hosts a multi-jurisdictional Winter Preparedness Workshop. This year’s event was held on October 27, 2022 and conducted virtually through Zoom. Attendees include emergency managers and public works representatives from our cities, the County, and other local and state agencies. Valley Water staff reviewed the following topics during the workshop:
• Valley Water Reservoir Operations
• Emergency Services
• Flood Forecast & Warning System
• Public Information
• Sandbag Operations
• Watershed Field Operations
The National Weather Service also provided the winter season outlook regarding the probability of seasonal precipitation, temperatures, and other environmental aspects.
In addition to the Winter Preparedness Workshop, Valley Water emergency management staff, senior executives and elected officials foster strong interagency emergency preparedness relationships by participating in several important groups including the Santa Clara County Emergency Managers Association, the Santa Clara County Operational Area Signatories, and the Santa Clara County Emergency Operational Area Council.
Valley Water Field Response Actions and Capabilities
In preparation for a possible flood event Valley Water can mobilize a field response that:
• maintains a watersheds 24/7 hotline;
• deploys Field Information Teams (FIT); and
• maintains a list of known flooding hotspots to expedite on-site arrival of resources and crews that can remove blockages when safe to do so, deploy sandbags and perform other functions to maximize flood conveyance capacity during a storm.
Valley Water provides filled sandbags at five sites across Santa Clara County: Valley Water’s Winfield site, Palo Alto Airport site, City of San Jose Central Yard, Alviso site, and Morgan Hill site. Typically for winter seasons with average rainfall forecasts, Valley Water stocks 19,800 filled sandbags at these locations by mid-October, restocking those sites as needed. In the event that the availability of filled sandbags cannot meet demand, Valley Water will supply empty bags and sand at those locations.
Additionally, Valley Water provides empty sandbags to municipal and county public works departments to stock an additional 19 sites around the County. Empty sandbags are offered to county public works agencies beginning October 1.
Maps of sandbag locations have been prepared in conjunction with other entities. The site locations are provided through the following link:
<https://www.valleywater.org/floodready/sandbags>.
Valley Water currently has 230,000 empty sandbags and 336 cubic yards of sand in storage.
Storm Ready Certification
As a result of Valley Water’s efforts to protect parcels from flooding, preserve flood conveyance capacity, engage the public to reduce flood risks, and maintain capabilities to respond to storm and flood events, Valley Water continues to be recognized by the NWS as Storm Ready. In April 2021, NWS recertified Valley Water as Storm Ready.
ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE IMPACT:
There are no Environmental Justice impacts associated with this item. The Winter Preparedness Briefing provides information to the Board of Directors regarding work throughout the year, emergency preparedness and response, and community communications and outreach during Winter and Pre-Winter periods. Valley Water acknowledges that disadvantaged communities are disproportionately impacted by the effects of flood. To address these impacts, Valley Water communicates and performs outreach to all communities impacted by the floodplain.
FINANCIAL IMPACT:
There is no financial impact associated with receiving a briefing on winter preparedness.
CEQA:
Receiving a briefing on winter preparedness is not subject to the requirements of CEQA.
ATTACHMENTS:
Attachment 1: PowerPoint
*Handout 2.10-A: Winter Prep Briefing 2022
UNCLASSIFIED MANAGER:
Manager
Alexander Gordon, 408-630-2637